{"id":381,"date":"2024-07-27T19:09:01","date_gmt":"2024-07-27T17:09:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/new\/?p=381"},"modified":"2025-11-29T19:37:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T18:37:05","slug":"ideme-do-skoly-rozvijajuce-aktivity-pre-uspesny-vstup-do-skoly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/?p=381","title":{"rendered":"Ideme do \u0161koly \u2013 rozv\u00edjaj\u00face aktivity pre \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd vstup do \u0161koly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed rodi\u010dia,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Va\u0161e die\u0165a stoj\u00ed pred \u017eivotnou zmenou, pred vstupom do \u0161koly. N\u00e1stup do \u0161koly predstavuje ve\u013ek\u00fd medzn\u00edk v \u017eivote die\u0165a\u0165a, ale aj jeho rodiny. Aby die\u0165a mohlo zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 t\u00fato n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu bez v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9mov, malo by by\u0165 dobre pripraven\u00e9. \u0160kolsk\u00e1 pripravenos\u0165 sa ch\u00e1pe ako ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 telesn\u00e9ho a psychick\u00e9ho rozvoja die\u0165a\u0165a, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje bez \u0165a\u017ekost\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148ova\u0165 sa v\u00fdchovno-vzdel\u00e1vacieho procesu, \u00faspe\u0161ne zvl\u00e1da\u0165 \u0161kolsk\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oblasti na posudzovanie \u0161kolskej sp\u00f4sobilosti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Telesn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a zdravotn\u00fd stav<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pozn\u00e1vacie (kognit\u00edvne)funkcie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00darove\u0148 pr\u00e1ceschopnosti (pracovn\u00e9 predpoklady, n\u00e1vyky)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emocion\u00e1lno-soci\u00e1lna zrelos\u0165 osobnosti<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Je potrebn\u00e9 poskytova\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165u podnety a&nbsp;kl\u00e1s\u0165 tak\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v&nbsp;s\u00falade s&nbsp;jeho&nbsp;potrebami a mo\u017enos\u0165ami, ale tie\u017e s po\u017eiadavkami, ktor\u00e9 sa na die\u0165a bud\u00fa kl\u00e1s\u0165 po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u0161kolskej doch\u00e1dzky. Pri re\u0161pektovan\u00ed individu\u00e1lnych rozvojov\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed die\u0165a\u0165a, m\u00f4\u017eete v&nbsp;s\u00falade so vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edm programom v M\u0160 rozv\u00edja\u0165 u&nbsp;neho jednotliv\u00e9 pozn\u00e1vacie funkcie, podstatn\u00e9 na dosiahnutie \u017eiad\u00facej \u00farovne pripravenosti na \u0161kolu. Mnoh\u00e9 z pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa m\u00e1lo rozvinut\u00e9, sa daj\u00fa&nbsp;e\u0161te pred n\u00e1stupom do 1. ro\u010dn\u00edka \u00faspe\u0161ne korigova\u0165.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do skupiny pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch funkci\u00ed patr\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sluchov\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zrakov\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Re\u010d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vn\u00edmanie priestoru<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vn\u00edmanie \u010dasu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hrub\u00e1 motorika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jemn\u00e1 motorika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grafomotorika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vizuomotorika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matematick\u00e9 predstavy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pozornos\u0165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Predklad\u00e1me V\u00e1m s\u00fabory aktiv\u00edt zameran\u00e9 na oblas\u0165 pozn\u00e1vania, teda na rozv\u00edjanie pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch funkci\u00ed. Aktivity s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 de\u0165om v&nbsp;pred\u0161kolskom veku (5 \u2013 7 rokov). Na rozv\u00edjaj\u00face aktivity si treba vymedzi\u0165 \u010das 10 &#8211; 15 min\u00fat. Cvi\u010denia treba realizova\u0165 pravidelne. Ke\u010f\u017ee deti sa v&nbsp;tomto veku naj\u013eah\u0161ie u\u010dia prostredn\u00edctvom hry, je vhodn\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fa aktivitu pomenova\u0165 ako hru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>SLUCHOV\u00c9 VN\u00cdMANIE<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>N\u00e1cvik na\u010d\u00favania:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pozn\u00e1vanie predmetov pod\u013ea zvuku \u2013 Hra \u201eUh\u00e1dni zvuk\u201c (\u0161trnganie k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov, \u0161trngotanie ly\u017ei\u010dkou v poh\u00e1ri, drobn\u00fdmi kor\u00e1likmi, fazu\u013eou v&nbsp;poh\u00e1ri, trhanie, kr\u010denie papiera, cinknutie o&nbsp;poh\u00e1r, klopkanie pali\u010dkou o&nbsp;predmety, zvuk dopravn\u00fdch prostriedkov, hlas zvierat, zvuky pri \u010dinnostiach v&nbsp;dom\u00e1cnosti, hra s pali\u010dkami na metalof\u00f3n at\u010f., Hra \u201ePovedz, ko\u013eko si po\u010dul zvukov\u201c (tlieskame, klopk\u00e1me, b\u00fachame, cmuk\u00e1me at\u010f.),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ur\u010dovanie intenzity, d\u013a\u017eky zvuku \u2013 slab\u00e9 a siln\u00e9 t\u00f3ny, dlh\u00e9 a&nbsp;kr\u00e1tke t\u00f3ny,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lokaliz\u00e1cia zvukov v priestore so zatvoren\u00fdmi o\u010dami \u2013 Hra \u201eUk\u00e1\u017e odkia\u013e to bolo\u201c (p\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie vody v&nbsp;k\u00fape\u013eni, klopkanie na dvere, na okno),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>h\u013eadanie zdroja zvuku \u2013 Hra \u201eN\u00e1jdi ma\u201c (bud\u00edk v&nbsp;skrini, zvukov\u00e1 hra\u010dka v z\u00e1suvke),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>po\u010d\u00favanie a&nbsp;pozn\u00e1vanie hudby, pesni\u010diek, rozpr\u00e1vok, pr\u00edbehov, rozpr\u00e1vanie o&nbsp;nich.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vn\u00edmanie rytmu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vytlieskanie pesni\u010diek a&nbsp;riekaniek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zopakovanie po\u010dtu vypo\u010dut\u00fdch zvukov (\u00fadery kladivkom a&nbsp;pod.),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vytlieskanie jednoduch\u00fdch slov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rozli\u0161ovanie zvukovej \u201efig\u00fary a pozadia\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to schopnos\u0165 zamera\u0165 sa na ur\u010dit\u00fd zvuk a ostatn\u00e9 vn\u00edma\u0165 len okrajovo. S\u00favis\u00ed to so s\u00fastreden\u00edm sa. Die\u0165a m\u00e1 vn\u00edma\u0165 iba tie zvuky, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa pre neho v\u00fdznam, ktor\u00e9 ho motivuj\u00fa k \u010dinnosti, re\u010dovej aktivite, zapadaj\u00fa do jeho oblasti z\u00e1ujmu. Nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zvuky iba prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa sluchov\u00fdm analyz\u00e1torom bez uvedomenia si ich obsahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2f4fb640b6a7f9874b6285aad4eae503\"><strong>N\u00e1mety na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; rozozna\u0165 \u0161tekot psa zo zvukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu, pozna\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fd hlas v&nbsp;rozhovore (mu\u017esk\u00fd, \u017eensk\u00fd, detsk\u00fd), reagova\u0165 na vopred dan\u00e9 slovo v plynulej re\u010di (tleskni pri slove srnka)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Sluchov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza a synt\u00e9za<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sluchov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/strong> (rozkladanie slova na slabiky, na hl\u00e1sky) <strong>a&nbsp;synt\u00e9za<\/strong> (skladanie slov zo slab\u00edk, hl\u00e1sok) je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 na zvl\u00e1dnutie \u010d\u00edtania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Rozklad slova na slabiky a&nbsp;zlo\u017eenie slab\u00edk do slova<\/em><br>Tlieskame slov\u00e1 po slabik\u00e1ch (po-h\u00e1r, ko-be-rec, dym).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>N\u00e1cvik postrehnutia prvej hl\u00e1sky&nbsp;v slove<\/em><br>Za\u010d\u00edname slovami, kde je za spoluhl\u00e1skou samohl\u00e1ska. Hl\u00e1sku zd\u00f4razn\u00edme. Tento sp\u00f4sob pou\u017e\u00edvame v\u017edy, ak nedok\u00e1\u017ee die\u0165a hl\u00e1sku postrehn\u00fa\u0165 (napr. s-ssssova, m-mmmama). Postupne zo zd\u00f4raz\u0148ovania uber\u00e1me. Pokra\u010dujeme slovami, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa ako prv\u00fa samohl\u00e1sku a&nbsp;za \u0148ou je spoluhl\u00e1ska (napr. uuu-lica, EEE-ma, ooo-kno). Ak tieto zvl\u00e1dnu, prejdeme na slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa na za\u010diatku skupinu spoluhl\u00e1sok \u010di samohl\u00e1sok (napr. \u0161kola, klob\u00fak, st\u013ap, auto).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>N\u00e1cvik postrehnutia poslednej hl\u00e1sky&nbsp;v slove<\/em><br>Ak m\u00e1me prv\u00fa hl\u00e1sku zvl\u00e1dnut\u00fa, podobn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom tr\u00e9nujeme postrehnutie poslednej hl\u00e1sky. Pri neschopnosti ur\u010di\u0165 posledn\u00fa hl\u00e1sku op\u00e4\u0165 hl\u00e1sku zd\u00f4razn\u00edme (napr. stro-mmm, mack-ooo, v\u00e1z-aaa).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Rozkladanie a&nbsp;skladanie slov z hl\u00e1sok<\/em><br>Ke\u010f u\u017e die\u0165a dok\u00e1\u017ee bezpe\u010dne identifikova\u0165 prv\u00fa i&nbsp;posledn\u00fa hl\u00e1sku, prejdeme na cel\u00e9 slov\u00e1. Op\u00e4\u0165 postupujeme od najjednoduch\u0161ieho, najkrat\u0161ieho, kde sa strieda spoluhl\u00e1ska so samohl\u00e1skou. Postupne prech\u00e1dzame na dlh\u0161ie a&nbsp;\u0165a\u017e\u0161ie slov\u00e1. Budeme hovori\u0165 slov\u00e1 a&nbsp;die\u0165a bude hovori\u0165 po jednotliv\u00fdch hl\u00e1skach (mama \u2013 m-a-m-a, dom \u2013 d-o-m). A&nbsp;naopak. Budeme mu hovori\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 hl\u00e1sky, ako id\u00fa za sebou, a&nbsp;ono povie cel\u00e9 slovo (E-l-a \u2013 Ela, m-i-s-a \u2013 misa).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Povedz (zatlieskaj, zap\u00ed\u0161 \u010diarky) ko\u013eko slov som povedal\/a (Mama k\u00fapila \u010dokol\u00e1du \u2013 3 slov\u00e1).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uk\u00e1\u017e na predmet na stole (v miestnosti, v&nbsp;knihe), ktor\u00fd sa za\u010d\u00edna na dan\u00fa slabiku (pa-papu\u010da, b\u00e1-b\u00e1bika).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201cH\u00e1daj, na \u010do mysl\u00edm\u201d \u2013 slovo sa za\u010d\u00edna na dan\u00fa slabiku (lo-lopta).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201cUh\u00e1dni obr\u00e1zok\u201d \u2013 N\u00e1jdi obr\u00e1zok v kni\u017eke (\u010dasopis, poh\u013eadnica), ktor\u00fd sa za\u010d\u00edna na ur\u010den\u00fa hl\u00e1sku (m-mot\u00fd\u013e).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obmena Hry \u201cUh\u00e1dni obr\u00e1zok\u201d &#8211; die\u0165a d\u00e1va h\u00e1danku rodi\u010dovi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010co po\u010duje\u0161 na za\u010diatku slova? (dom-d).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010co po\u010duje\u0161 na konci slova? (my\u0161-\u0161).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vym\u00fd\u0161\u013eame striedavo slov\u00e1 na hl\u00e1sku, ktorou sa za\u010d\u00edna dan\u00e9 slovo (sova &#8211; stoli\u010dka, syr, sal\u00e1ma).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201eSlovn\u00fd futbal\u201c \u2013 vym\u00fd\u0161\u013eame slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa na dan\u00fa slabiku (hl\u00e1sku), ktorou sa kon\u010dilo predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face slovo (dom \u2013 my\u0161 \u2013 \u0161kola&#8230;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201eHra na robota\u201c \u2013 postupujeme od slab\u00edk ku slov\u00e1m (ma \u2013 m-a, opa\u010dne s-o \u2013 so, ryba \u2013 r-y-b-a, opa\u010dne v-o-d-a \u2013 voda).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sluchov\u00e1 diferenci\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Die\u0165a by malo spr\u00e1vne rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 hl\u00e1sky i&nbsp;tie sluchovo podobn\u00e9. Tie\u017e spr\u00e1vne diferencova\u0165 kr\u00e1tku a&nbsp;dlh\u00fa, no i&nbsp;m\u00e4kk\u00fa a&nbsp;tvrd\u00fa slabiku. Pri nezrelej sluchovej diferenci\u00e1cii s\u00fa probl\u00e9my&nbsp;v&nbsp;p\u00edsan\u00ed dikt\u00e1tov.&nbsp;Pri n\u00e1cviku hovor\u00edme slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 die\u0165a m\u00f4\u017ee zopakova\u0165 a&nbsp;povie, \u010di s\u00fa \u00faplne rovnak\u00e9 ako dvoji\u010dky alebo nie. Nesk\u00f4r je dobr\u00e9 hovori\u0165 slov\u00e1 tak, aby n\u00e1s nevidelo a&nbsp;ono potom ur\u010duje, ak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tne slov\u00e1 sme hovorili. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>rozli\u0161ovanie nezmyseln\u00fdch slov (kla\u0161-kle\u0161, pus-pus, brum-bram, bom-pom, vem-v\u00e9m, dyka-dika, sak-zak, drim-trim),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozli\u0161ovanie zmyslupln\u00fdch (nos-noc, kosa-kosa, krik-kr\u00edk, babka-labka),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pok\u00fasime sa o presn\u00e9 ur\u010denie hl\u00e1sky, ktorou sa slov\u00e1 od seba odli\u0161uj\u00fa (pes-les, p, l).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sluchov\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sluchov\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 je potrebn\u00e1 nielen na zvl\u00e1dnutie \u010d\u00edtania, p\u00edsania, po\u010d\u00edtania, ale na v\u0161etky predmety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>n\u00e1cvik riekaniek, b\u00e1sni\u010diek, pesni\u010diek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zopakovanie vety, ktor\u00fa povieme (4 slov\u00e1, po\u010det slov zvy\u0161ujeme),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010d\u00edtanie pr\u00edbehu, kde sa opakuj\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 slov\u00e1, pri ich po\u010dut\u00ed die\u0165a zatlieska, \u0165ukne ceruzou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zapam\u00e4tanie si slov (hl\u00e1sok, slab\u00edk, \u010d\u00edslic) \u2013 povieme 4 jednoduch\u00e9 slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 die\u0165a zopakuje (postupne prejdeme a\u017e na 7 slov) aj v&nbsp;porad\u00ed, v&nbsp;akom ich po\u010dulo,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozv\u00edjanie viet \u2013 hra \u201eKto sa nepom\u00fdli?\u201c, vyslov\u00edme vetu, die\u0165a ju zopakuje a prid\u00e1 jedno slovo, vetu zopakujeme a op\u00e4\u0165 prid\u00e1me slovo (Mama var\u00ed. Mama var\u00ed obed. Mama var\u00ed obed v&nbsp;kuchyni).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>ZRAKOV\u00c9 VN\u00cdMANIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nezrelosti v tejto oblasti sa v prvom ro\u010dn\u00edku prejavia napr. pri&nbsp;opise a&nbsp;prepise textu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zrakov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza a&nbsp;synt\u00e9za<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neschopnos\u0165 zlo\u017ei\u0165&nbsp;z \u010dast\u00ed celok, \u010di naopak rozlo\u017ei\u0165 celok na \u010dasti,&nbsp;m\u00f4\u017ee takisto sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 v\u00e1\u017eny&nbsp;probl\u00e9m&nbsp;pri p\u00edsan\u00ed a&nbsp;\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed. Pomocou zraku potrebujeme napr. sklada\u0165 slov\u00e1 z jednotliv\u00fdch&nbsp;p\u00edsmen a naopak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>skladanie puzzle,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>skladanie rozstrihan\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov (poh\u013eadnica, obr\u00e1zok z \u010dasopisu, fotografia, geometrick\u00e9 tvary) z 2 a&nbsp;viac kusov (postupne obr\u00e1zky strih\u00e1me na men\u0161ie a nepravidelnej\u0161ie tvary),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zlo\u017eenie, rozobratie mozaiky, stavebnice,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dokresli\u0165 ne\u00fapln\u00fd obr\u00e1zok ved\u013ea \u00fapln\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zku (ch\u00fdbaj\u00face \u010dasti).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zrakov\u00e1 diferenci\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozli\u0161ova\u0165 tvary je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 najm\u00e4 pre spr\u00e1vne rozli\u0161ovanie p\u00edsmen. Pri aktivit\u00e1ch db\u00e1me na pohyb o\u010d\u00ed z\u013eava doprava.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>triedenie predmetov do \u0161katuliek (misiek) pod\u013ea farby, ve\u013ekosti, tvaru (kruhy, \u0161tvorce&#8230;), materi\u00e1lu (sklenen\u00e9, dreven\u00e9&#8230;),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozli\u0161ovanie predmetov v&nbsp;okol\u00ed (n\u00e1jdi v\u0161etky modr\u00e9, kruhov\u00e9, kovov\u00e9 predmety a&nbsp;pod.),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi 4 rozdiely na dvoch obr\u00e1zkoch,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pou\u017eijeme jednoduch\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 listy, kde bud\u00fa h\u013eada\u0165 rovnak\u00e9 alebo odli\u0161n\u00e9 tvary \u010di p\u00edsmen\u00e1:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>n\u00e1jdi rovnak\u00e9 tvary (obr\u00e1zky, geometrick\u00e9 tvary, p\u00edsmen\u00e1),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi obr\u00e1zok odli\u0161n\u00fd od ostatn\u00fdch \u2013 \u00faplne in\u00fd,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi tvar odli\u0161n\u00fd od ostatn\u00fdch \u2013 je v&nbsp;obr\u00e1tenej polohe,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi tvar odli\u0161n\u00fd od ostatn\u00fdch \u2013 je obr\u00e1ten\u00fd zrkadlovo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201eZrakov\u00e1 fig\u00fara a&nbsp;prostredie\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ur\u010denie, h\u013eadanie zadan\u00e9ho tvaru v&nbsp;ru\u0161ivom prostred\u00ed:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi a&nbsp;vyfarbi v\u0161etky kolieska medzi ostatn\u00fdmi tvarmi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi a&nbsp;obtiahni, \u010do je skryt\u00e9 v&nbsp;spleti \u010diar,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1jdi a&nbsp;obtiahni dva obr\u00e1zky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nakreslen\u00e9 cez seba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zrakov\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pomocou tejto funkcie sa deti u\u010dia pam\u00e4ta\u0165 si tvar p\u00edsmen. Rob\u00edme jednoduch\u00e9 cvi\u010denia po n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hra pexeso.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201e\u010co bolo na obr\u00e1zku?\u201c Die\u0165a sleduje obr\u00e1zok a potom po jeho zakryt\u00ed rozpr\u00e1va, \u010do na obr\u00e1zku videlo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201e\u010co bolo na predlohe?\u201c Die\u0165a pozoruje 4 &#8211; 7 obr\u00e1zkov (tvarov), potom ich nakresl\u00ed v&nbsp;spr\u00e1vnom porad\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201eAk\u00e9 vid\u00ed\u0161 odli\u0161nosti?\u201c Uk\u00e1\u017eeme jeden obr\u00e1zok a potom druh\u00fd, die\u0165a m\u00e1 poveda\u0165 v \u010dom sa odli\u0161uj\u00fa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201e\u010co ch\u00fdba na stole?\u201c Na st\u00f4l polo\u017e\u00edme nieko\u013eko predmetov (4 &#8211; 7), potom niektor\u00fd schov\u00e1me, die\u0165a h\u00e1da.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201e\u010co sa zmenilo?\u201c V miestnosti premiestnime alebo prid\u00e1me predmet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201e\u010co sa zmenilo na mame?\u201c Zmen\u00ed si \u010das\u0165 oble\u010denia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>RE\u010c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na re\u010d a&nbsp;komunika\u010dn\u00e9 schopnosti s\u00fa v&nbsp;\u0161kole kladen\u00e9 pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e9 n\u00e1roky. Die\u0165a potrebuje hovoren\u00e9mu dobre rozumie\u0165, aby ch\u00e1palo, \u010do sa od neho po\u017eaduje, a&nbsp;aby rozumelo v\u00fdkladu u\u010dite\u013ea. Prostredn\u00edctvom re\u010di vyjadruje, \u010do si mysl\u00ed, \u010do c\u00edti, vytv\u00e1ra soci\u00e1lne vz\u0165ahy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Porozumenie re\u010di<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sledujeme, \u010di die\u0165a rozumie hovoren\u00e9mu slovu, \u010di porozumie napr. inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m z&nbsp;telev\u00edzie, z&nbsp;rozpr\u00e1vky, z&nbsp;pr\u00edbehu a&nbsp;pod.,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>k&nbsp;slov\u00e1m, potom jednoduch\u00fdm vet\u00e1m prira\u010fuje obr\u00e1zky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Expres\u00edvna re\u010d (hovorenie)<\/em> &#8211; je potrebn\u00e9 odpoveda\u0165 na v\u0161etky ot\u00e1zky die\u0165a\u0165a a podnecova\u0165 k&nbsp;hovoreniu (rozv\u00edjame slovn\u00fa z\u00e1sobu, myslenie) v&nbsp;ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. hovorenie z\u00e1\u017eitkov (\u010do sa prihodilo Tebe, mne),\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>rozpr\u00e1vame sa o&nbsp;rie\u0161en\u00ed situ\u00e1cie \u201e\u010co keby\u201c (\u010co by sa stalo, keby si \u0161iel von v&nbsp;pono\u017ek\u00e1ch? \u010co by sa stalo, keby si si neum\u00fdval zuby?),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hovorenie opisne pod\u013ea obr\u00e1zkov alebo fotografi\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spievanie detsk\u00fdch pesni\u010diek, vytlieskanie riekaniek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozhovor o&nbsp;rozpr\u00e1vke (Pre\u010do sa skon\u010dila dobre?),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>interpret\u00e1cia rozpr\u00e1vky, pr\u00edbehu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tvorenie zdrobnel\u00edn (ma\u010dka \u2013 ma\u010di\u010dka, ly\u017eica \u2013 ly\u017ei\u010dka),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tvorba mno\u017en\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla (1 jablko \u2013 5 jab\u013ak),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tvorba protikladov pri zrakovej podpore (vysok\u00fd \u2013 n\u00edzky, mal\u00fd \u2013 ve\u013ek\u00fd at\u010f.),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tvorba spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho pomenovania (hru\u0161ka, slivka, ban\u00e1n \u2013 ovocie).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Artikula\u010dn\u00e1 obratnos\u0165 a v\u00fdslovnos\u0165<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>d\u00e1vame spr\u00e1vny vzor \u2013 deti re\u010d napodob\u0148uj\u00fa,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rob\u00edme cvi\u010denia artikula\u010dn\u00fdch org\u00e1nov (vyplazovanie jazyka \u2013 l\u00edzanie l\u00edzanky, \u0161p\u00falenie pier \u2013 bozk).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>VN\u00cdMANIE PRIESTORU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vn\u00edmanie priestoru je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre orient\u00e1ciu v&nbsp;prostred\u00ed, pre osvojovanie si pohybov\u00fdch, \u0161kolsk\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed. Okrem \u010d\u00edtania, p\u00edsania ovplyv\u0148uje matematiku, geometriu, orient\u00e1ciu na mape, premieta sa do telesnej v\u00fdchovy. Potrebuje sa orientova\u0165 na form\u00e1te, na vlastnom tele, v&nbsp;priestore. N\u00e1cvikom si osvojuje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Predlo\u017ekov\u00e9 v\u00e4zby<\/em> \u2013 v, pred, pod, na, za, do,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Pojmy<\/em> \u2013 hore, dole, vpredu, vzadu, v strede, vpravo, v\u013eavo, prv\u00fd, posledn\u00fd, hne\u010f pred, hne\u010f za<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Povedz, kde je na obr\u00e1zku pes (hore), chlapec (dole),&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Povedz, \u010do je na obr\u00e1zku vpredu, vzadu,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyfarbi na obr\u00e1zku v\u0161etky aut\u00e1 id\u00face doprava, vt\u00e1ky letiace do\u013eava, ryby pl\u00e1vaj\u00face doprava,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra so stoli\u010dkou \u2013 Postav sa ved\u013ea stoli\u010dky, na stoli\u010dku,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ulo\u017e vystrihnut\u00e9ho ps\u00edka pred b\u00fadu, do b\u00fady, v\u013eavo od b\u00fady, za b\u00fadu,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli na list papiera s&nbsp;predkreslen\u00fdm dom\u010dekom \u2013 Napravo rastie strom. Nad strechou let\u00ed vt\u00e1k. Pred domom ide auto. At\u010f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Polo\u017e do stredn\u00e9ho okna na dom\u010deku dan\u00fd predmet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uk\u00e1\u017e na obr\u00e1zku (alebo v rade hra\u010diek, geometrick\u00fdch tvarov) kto je v&nbsp;rade prv\u00fd, posledn\u00fd, hne\u010f za,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uk\u00e1\u017e na sebe \u2013 Zdvihni prav\u00fa ruku. Postav sa na \u013eav\u00fa nohu. Chy\u0165 si prav\u00e9 ucho. Polo\u017e prav\u00fa ruku na \u013eav\u00e9 oko. At\u010f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>VN\u00cdMANIE \u010cASU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orient\u00e1cia v&nbsp;\u010dase je podmienkou na uvedomovanie si \u010dasovej postupnosti, ale aj postupnosti pri be\u017en\u00fdch \u010dinnostiach. V&nbsp;\u0161kole je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd odhad \u010dasu pre splnenie \u00faloh, hospod\u00e1renie s&nbsp;\u010dasom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>hovor\u00edme s die\u0165a\u0165om, \u010do ste videli teraz, \u010do predt\u00fdm, \u010do budeme robi\u0165 potom,&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>osvet\u013eujeme mu \u010dasov\u00fa postupnos\u0165 \u2013 vst\u00e1vame r\u00e1no, na poludnie obedujeme, ve\u010der ideme spa\u0165, kedy m\u00e1 vo\u013eno, kedy m\u00e1 kr\u00fa\u017eok&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozpr\u00e1vame \u010do sa deje dnes, \u010do bude najsk\u00f4r, nesk\u00f4r, nakoniec, \u010do bolo v\u010dera, \u010do bude zajtra&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prira\u010fujeme \u010dinnosti pre jednotliv\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00e9 obdobia (v zime pad\u00e1 sneh&#8230;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>JEMN\u00c1 MOTORIKA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zaost\u00e1vanie die\u0165a\u0165a v oblasti hrubej motoriky (pohyb ve\u013ek\u00fdch svalov\u00fdch skup\u00edn a&nbsp;k\u013abov) m\u00f4\u017ee nepriaznivo ovplyvni\u0165 rozvoj napr\u00edklad jemnej motoriky (pohyb jemn\u00fdch, drobn\u00fdch svalov\u00fdch skup\u00edn na ruke, pohyblivos\u0165 prstov) a n\u00e1sledne grafomotoriky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a161b1140c3ee6e645776b233820ed97\"><strong>Aktivity na posil\u0148ovanie jemnej motoriky:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Sebaobsluha<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zap\u00ednanie, \u0161nurovanie, um\u00fdvanie,&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Manipul\u00e1cia s mal\u00fdmi predmetmi<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>navliekanie kor\u00e1liek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zbieranie predmetov pomocou pinzety,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>trhanie, kr\u010denie, vytrh\u00e1vanie, lepenie k\u00faskov papiera,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hra \u201eNa Popolu\u0161ku \u2013 triedenie drobn\u00fdch predmetov do poh\u00e1rov, f\u013ea\u0161iek,&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Dom\u00e1ce \u010dinnosti<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>strihanie papiera, viazanie uzl\u00edkov, modelovanie, miesenie cesta, vykrajovanie, mletie, kr\u00e1janie ban\u00e1nu, \u0161\u00fapanie vaj\u00ed\u010dka, pres\u00fdpanie pomocou ly\u017eice, \u017em\u00fdkanie hubky, otv\u00e1ranie vrchn\u00e1\u010dikov flia\u0161, va\u013ekanie, vytl\u00e1\u010danie \u0161\u0165avy z&nbsp;citr\u00f3na, naberanie pomocou nabera\u010dky, nav\u00edjanie klbka,..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>GRAFOMOTORIKA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grafomotorika je koordinovan\u00e1 pohybov\u00e1 aktivita pri grafick\u00fdch prejavoch ako kreslenie, p\u00edsanie, rysovanie at\u010f. Rozvoj grafomotoriky re\u0161pektuje jednotliv\u00e9 v\u00fdvinov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 a postupuje od koordinovanej pr\u00e1ce cel\u00e9ho tela ku koordinovanej pr\u00e1ci r\u00fak. Nespr\u00e1vne dr\u017eanie p\u00edsacej potreby vedie k nadmern\u00e9mu za\u0165a\u017eovaniu svalov a n\u00e1slednej \u00fanave cel\u00e9ho tela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Spr\u00e1vny \u00fachop p\u00edsadla \u2013 \u0161tipka (palcom, ukazov\u00e1kom a&nbsp;prostredn\u00edkom), ruka je \u013eahk\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pevn\u00e1 (v dlani die\u0165a dr\u017e\u00ed napr. fazu\u013eku).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na n\u00e1cvik spr\u00e1vneho dr\u017eania p\u00edsacieho n\u00e1stroja je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 ceruzky, pastelky a n\u00e1sadky tzv. trojhrann\u00e9ho typu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na uvo\u013enenie ramena kreslenie le\u017eatej osmi\u010dky na ve\u013ek\u00fd papier vo v\u00fd\u0161ke o\u010d\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uvo\u013enenie k\u013abov formou hry \u2013 h\u00e1dzanie lietaj\u00faceho taniera, m\u00e1vanie pali\u010dkou s&nbsp;uviazanou stu\u017ekou na konci.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u00edsanie prvkov p\u00edsmen (\u010diary, obl\u00faky, \u0161pir\u00e1ly, elipsy, zuby, vlnovky, slu\u010dky a&nbsp;pod.), nesk\u00f4r p\u00edsmen do piesku, krupice (pre koordinovan\u00fd pohyb).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ob\u0165ahovanie predkreslen\u00fdch tvarov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Postupujeme od v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch pohybov na ve\u013ekej kresliacej ploche a\u017e po men\u0161ie pohyby na malom a presne ohrani\u010denom priestore v&nbsp;zo\u0161ite. &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyu\u017e\u00edvame \u0161peci\u00e1lne cviky na uvo\u013enenie k\u013abov pre plynul\u00fd pohyb:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Cvi\u010denie prstov (opis cviku, motiv\u00e1cia)<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0160\u00facha\u0165 prstami v&nbsp;dlani (natierame)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160\u00facha\u0165 ukazov\u00e1kom v dlani (var\u00edme ka\u0161u)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 ukazov\u00e1kom v&nbsp;rytme (dirigent)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u00fdva\u0165 ukazov\u00e1kom k&nbsp;sebe (po\u010f sem)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u00fdva\u0165 ukazov\u00e1kom vpravo, v\u013eavo (v\u00e1hy)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 prstami po stole (pan\u00e1\u010dik kr\u00e1\u010da)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kr\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 postupne prstami (kresl\u00edme slnie\u010dka)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oh\u00fdbanie prstov (b\u00e1bky sa ukl\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vystrie\u0165 ukazov\u00e1k a&nbsp;prostredn\u00edk (hl\u00e1sime sa)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strihacie pohyby ukazov\u00e1kom a&nbsp;prostredn\u00edkom (strih\u00e1me)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u00fdva\u0165 prstami (m\u00e1vadlo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roz\u0165ahova\u0165 a&nbsp;sp\u00e1ja\u0165 prsty (vej\u00e1r)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zas\u00fava\u0165 prsty r\u00fak oproti sebe (vznikne sklada\u010dka)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vystiera\u0165 a&nbsp;kr\u010di\u0165 prsty v&nbsp;k\u013aboch (otv\u00e1ra a&nbsp;zatv\u00e1ra sa kvet)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zasun\u00fa\u0165 prsty r\u00fak oproti sebe, dlane otv\u00e1ra\u0165, zatv\u00e1ra\u0165(mu\u0161\u013ea)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ruka v&nbsp;p\u00e4sti &#8211; postupne na\u0165ahova\u0165 a&nbsp;kr\u010di\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd prst zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 (po\u010d\u00edtadlo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 palec a&nbsp;ukazov\u00e1k (trhanie jah\u00f4d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 postupne prsty s&nbsp;palcom (prsty sa zdravia \u201eahoj\u201c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 prsty do obl\u00faka (hrad)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 prsty s&nbsp;palcom do obl\u00faka (gomb\u00edk, \u010falekoh\u013ead)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 dvojice prstov na ruk\u00e1ch (kamar\u00e1ti sa na\u0161li)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00facha\u0165 prstami (strieda\u0165 silno, slabo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160\u00facha\u0165 prstami (\u0161u\u0161t\u00ed l\u00edstie, drobenie)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dot\u00fdka\u0165 sa koncov prstov (\u0161pi\u010dka lode)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sp\u00e1ja\u0165 prsty s&nbsp;palcom (vt\u00e1\u010dik, kuriatko)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preklep\u00e1vanie prstov (pr\u00e1\u0161ime)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 prstami po stole (hra na klav\u00edr, p\u00edsanie na kl\u00e1vesnici)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klopka\u0165 prstami na stole, na zemi (d\u00e1\u017e\u010f)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klopka\u0165 pokr\u010den\u00fdmi prstami jednotlivo na st\u00f4l (ideme na n\u00e1v\u0161tevu)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00faskanie prstami (tane\u010dn\u00edci)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Cvi\u010denie dlane a&nbsp;z\u00e1p\u00e4stia (opis cviku, motiv\u00e1cia)<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pohl\u00e1dza\u0165 dla\u0148ami st\u00f4l (prilepujeme)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160\u00fachanie dlan\u00ed o&nbsp;seba (um\u00fdvame sa)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roztv\u00e1ra\u0165 a&nbsp;zatv\u00e1ra\u0165 dlane vo\u013ene i&nbsp;na podlo\u017eke (slnko, mraky, kvet)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 dla\u0148ami hore-dole, vpravo-v\u013eavo, dopredu-dozadu (m\u00e1vame)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dotyk dlan\u00ed nad hlavou (strie\u0161ka)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dotyk dlan\u00ed na u\u0161iach (zaja\u010die u\u0161i)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Cvi\u010denie na uvo\u013enenie ramena (opis cviku, motiv\u00e1cia)<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kr\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ramenami v&nbsp;skr\u010den\u00ed pripa\u017emo (vrab\u010dek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010celn\u00e9 kruhy ramenami vpred (mlyn)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kr\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 predlakt\u00edm \u2013 bo\u010dne, \u010delne, r\u00f4znym smerom (vetern\u00edk)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 pa\u017eami vpred a&nbsp;vzad, s\u00fa skr\u010den\u00e9 pripa\u017emo (ide vlak)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bo\u010dne kr\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 napnut\u00fdmi pa\u017eami (koleso)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pohybova\u0165 skr\u00ed\u017een\u00fdmi rukami vpravo, v\u013eavo (kyvadlo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli\u0165 ukazov\u00e1kom na st\u00f4l, vo vzduchu (kresl\u00edme, uvo\u013e\u0148ujeme rameno):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kresli\u0165 pravou a&nbsp;potom \u013eavou rukou opakovane ve\u013ek\u00fd kruh, v\u017edy pred sebou na rovnakom mieste,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli\u0165 zvisl\u00e9 \u010diary sprava do\u013eava i&nbsp;opa\u010dne pod seba \u013eubovo\u013enou rukou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli\u0165 \u0161ikm\u00e9 \u010diary zhora dolu \u013eubovo\u013enou rukou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli\u0165 vlnovky z\u013eava doprava \u013eubovo\u013enou rukou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kresli\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 kruhy oboma rukami naraz a&nbsp;rovnak\u00fdm smerom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>VIZUOMOTORIKA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vizuomotorick\u00e1 koordin\u00e1cia znamen\u00e1 spojenie \u010dinnosti zraku a jemn\u00fdch pohybov ruky a prstov, ide o s\u00fahru medzi okom a&nbsp;rukou. S\u00favis\u00ed s rozvojom grafomotoriky, zrakov\u00e9ho vn\u00edmania. M\u00e1 vplyv na sebaobsluhu, kreslenie, p\u00edsanie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>skladanie obr\u00e1zkov, mozaiky pod\u013ea predlohy, skladanie obr\u00e1zkov\u00fdch kociek, vyu\u017e\u00edvame r\u00f4zne sklada\u010dky,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ob\u0165ahovanie predl\u00f4h, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 by\u0165 plynul\u00e9, opakovan\u00e9 nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t za sebou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zoskupovanie kor\u00e1lok pod\u013ea vzoru,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sp\u00e1janie dvoch obr\u00e1zkov \u010diarou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kreslenie jednoduch\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov pod\u013ea vzoru do \u0161tvorcovej siete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>MATEMATICK\u00c9 PREDSTAVY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Porovn\u00e1vanie ve\u013ekosti, mno\u017estva (pojmy rovnako, viac, menej).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra: \u201e\u010clove\u010de, nehnevaj sa\u201c, domino&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ur\u010dovanie mno\u017estva (dve k\u00f4pky gomb\u00edkov \u2013 kde je viac, kde je menej).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zora\u010fovanie predmetov, obr\u00e1zkov od najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho po najmen\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Porovnanie mno\u017estva pomocou grafick\u00e9ho zn\u00e1zornenia \u2013 nakresl\u00edme pod seba nieko\u013eko koliesok, ved\u013ea kocky, aby die\u0165a mohlo jednotliv\u00e9 dvojice sp\u00e1ja\u0165 \u010diarami. Po spojen\u00ed \u010diarou sa p\u00fdtame, kde ich je viac.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na jeden riadok nakresl\u00edme ved\u013ea seba napr. 5 koliesok, pod to tri \u0161tvorce. Die\u0165a potom nakresl\u00ed rovnak\u00fd po\u010det samo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orient\u00e1cia v&nbsp;\u010d\u00edselnom rade do 10. Zorad\u00edme 10 kociek r\u00f4znych farieb a p\u00fdtame sa ko\u013ek\u00e1 kocka je \u010derven\u00e1? Podaj mi \u0161tvrt\u00fa kocku ( piatu, posledn\u00fa, hne\u010f za prvou, v\u0161etky za druhou&#8230;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pok\u00fa\u0161ame sa navodi\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 po\u010dtov\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie pomocou n\u00e1zoru: Ke\u010f m\u00e1\u0161 2 kocky (die\u0165a\u0165u ich d\u00e1me), ko\u013eko kociek bude\u0161 ma\u0165 ke\u010f ti jednu prid\u00e1m? (vezmem). Ak to die\u0165a pochop\u00ed, sk\u00fasime to ist\u00e9, ale bez kociek. Die\u0165a si kocky predstavuje. Pri tomto cvi\u010den\u00ed neprekra\u010dujeme po\u010det 5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>POZORNOS\u0164<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na n\u00e1cvik pozornosti s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 aj viacer\u00e9 aktivity na rozvoj zrakovej diferenci\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a24892dd00fbfd39edfb901acc0c1185\"><strong>Aktivity na cvi\u010denie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hra \u201ePalec hore, palec dole\u201c&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;Die\u0165a\u0165u hovor\u00edme r\u00f4zne v\u00fdroky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pravdiv\u00e9, ale aj nepravdiv\u00e9. (napr. \u201eMlieko je fialov\u00e9\u201c, \u201eHru\u0161ky rast\u00fa na stromoch\u201c). Ak si die\u0165a mysl\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrok je pravdiv\u00fd, zodvihne palec hore. Ak si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrok je nepravdiv\u00fd, palec&nbsp;nasmeruje dole. Mus\u00ed v\u0161ak pozorne po\u010d\u00fava\u0165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyh\u013eadanie a&nbsp;ozna\u010denie rovnak\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ob\u0165ahovanie farebne r\u00f4znych druhov \u010diar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyfarbovanie obr\u00e1zkov pod\u013ea farebn\u00fdch vzorov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyh\u013eadanie a&nbsp;ozna\u010denie p\u00edsmena medzi podobn\u00fdmi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pod\u010diarkovanie tvaru, ktor\u00fd do radu nepatr\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hra \u201eH\u00e1daj, \u010do tam nepatr\u00ed\u201c \u2013 Hovor\u00edme skupinu slov, die\u0165a tleskne, ak po\u010duje slovo, ktor\u00e9 tam nepatr\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed rodi\u010dia, Va\u0161e die\u0165a stoj\u00ed pred \u017eivotnou zmenou, pred vstupom do \u0161koly. N\u00e1stup do \u0161koly predstavuje ve\u013ek\u00fd medzn\u00edk v \u017eivote die\u0165a\u0165a, ale aj jeho rodiny. Aby die\u0165a mohlo zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 t\u00fato n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu bez v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9mov, malo by by\u0165 dobre pripraven\u00e9. \u0160kolsk\u00e1 pripravenos\u0165 sa ch\u00e1pe ako ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 telesn\u00e9ho a psychick\u00e9ho rozvoja die\u0165a\u0165a, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje bez&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-predskolsky-vek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=381"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":941,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381\/revisions\/941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpppap.svsbb.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}